In many surgical harm cases, the problem isn’t a flashy “robot made the decision.” Instead, AI can show up in more subtle ways that matter legally—such as:
- AI-driven or AI-assisted imaging interpretation
- software-supported pre-op planning or risk scoring
- automated documentation or generated clinical summaries
- decision-support tools that influenced what clinicians focused on
If the chart contains references to automation or generated content, the key question becomes: Was the tool used safely, supervised appropriately, and validated against the patient’s real-world condition?


